Recettes

Liberian Jollof Rice

Jollof rice belongs to the whole of West Africa, and every country that claims it claims it as its own. The Liberian version sits inside that family without being anyone's copy. It is a tomato rice, built on long grain parboiled grains, sweetened by onion and sweet pepper, sharpened with garlic and ginger, and carrying a smokiness that Liberian cooks treat as the mark of a pot done properly. Rice is the centre of the Liberian diet rather than an accompaniment to it, and a one pot rice that can be built around whatever protein a household has, or around no protein at all, earns its place in an everyday kitchen as readily as at a gathering. It feeds a room from a single vessel, which is part of why it survives. Across West Africa the jollof pot is argued over with genuine feeling, and the loudest of those arguments runs between Nigeria and Ghana. Liberia is rarely named in that particular fight. That says less about the quality of the Liberian pot than about who is holding the microphone.

Liberia1 hr 20 minLaila

Ablo, a steamed rice cake from Benin and Togo, served warm alongside a stew

No Corn Starch Rice Cakes (Ablo)

Ablo, also written abolo, is a steamed rice cake with a light, springy crumb, eaten across the coastal stretch of West Africa where Togo, Benin, Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire meet. It is white, faintly sweet, faintly sour, and built to be torn and dipped. Its texture is the result of fermentation rather than of any raising agent alone. Rice is soaked, ground and left to rise, and the sourness that develops in that time is the difference between an ablo and a plain steamed dumpling. In Benin the cakes are steamed wrapped in banana leaf bundles, which leaves a green, faintly grassy note that a metal mould cannot give. Ablo occupies the position that bread occupies elsewhere: it is the mild thing on the plate that the sauce is for. It is eaten with thick stews and grilled fish, and it belongs equally to a party table and a home meal. In a food culture where most starches are pounded or stirred, a steamed and leavened cake is a distinct approach, and one that Togolese, Beninese, Ghanaian and Ivorian cooks share across their borders.

Benin2 hr 10 minAnthonyJ

Ghana Jollof Rice

Ghanaian jollof rice is defined against its rivals as much as on its own terms, and Ghanaians are entirely comfortable with that. It is a tomato based rice, aromatic rather than fiery, seasoned with curry powder, garlic and ginger, and cooked in basmati. Every one of those choices is a position in an argument. The rice is the clearest one. Ghanaians use basmati, which stays separate and perfumed and carries the aromatics; Nigerians use long grain parboiled, which absorbs the tomato base and takes on the smoke. Neither is a mistake. They produce genuinely different dishes that share a name, and the preference in each country is consistent enough to be a national marker. The jollof rivalry between Ghana and Nigeria is the continent's most famous culinary argument, conducted on social media, at dinner tables and in the press with an intensity that has very little to do with rice and a great deal to do with two confident countries enjoying themselves. The honest position on the origin is that the dish descends from the Senegambian rice tradition rather than from either country. The honest position on which is better is that both are right within their own tradition, and Ghanaians serve theirs at every social gathering and celebration that matters.

Ghana1 hr 20 minDebby

Waakye

Waakye is rice and beans cooked together with dried millet or sorghum stalk leaves, which leach a deep reddish brown into the grain and give the dish both its colour and its name. It is Ghana's most loved street breakfast, and in Accra and Kumasi the waakye seller is a neighbourhood institution whose location is known, whose quality is debated and whose loyalty is genuinely held. Sellers begin before dawn and often sell out by mid morning. The dish is bought wrapped in leaves and assembled to the customer's specification from a wide spread of accompaniments: shito, the dark Ghanaian pepper and fish sauce, gari, egg, spaghetti known as talia, fried plantain, avocado, salad, stew and fried fish or meat. A full waakye plate is substantial enough to carry someone through a working day, which is precisely what it is for. The waakye leaf is the ingredient that cannot be substituted. It is the dried leaf sheath of a West African sorghum, called poporo oka in Yoruba and adako in Togo, and it functions as a colourant rather than a flavouring, with the quantity used determining how deep the colour runs. Black eyed beans are traditional and jasmine rice is the Ghanaian preference. The dish is eaten across West Africa under other names, as wanke in Lagos and ayimolou in Togo.

Ghana1 hr 15 minCuisine228

Dominican Spaghetti

Dominican spaghetti is a Caribbean dish, not an African one, and the distinction matters on a platform documenting African food. It belongs to the Dominican Republic, where Italian migrants arriving in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries brought pasta into a kitchen that already had its own strong idea of what a tomato sauce should be. What resulted is recognisably Dominican rather than Italian. The base is sofrito, the sautéed onion, pepper, garlic and coriander mixture that underpins cooking across the Spanish speaking Caribbean, and the sauce carries green olives, capers and raisins alongside beef, pork or shredded chicken. That combination of briny, sweet and savoury in one sauce is a Hispanic Caribbean signature with roots reaching back through Spain to the Moorish kitchens of North Africa. That last connection is the only thread linking this dish to the continent, and it is a long and indirect one. Dominican spaghetti is presented here as what it is, a Caribbean pasta dish rather than an African one, and it sits in the Worldwide Recipes collection for that reason.

Dominican Republic30 minDebby

Omo tuo, Ghanaian rice balls served warm alongside groundnut soup

Rice Balls (Omo Tuo)

Omo tuo is the Ghanaian rice ball, made by cooking soft rice well past the point of doneness and then mashing it until the grains give up their structure and bind into a smooth dough that can be shaped by hand. It is Sunday food. Omo tuo is strongly associated with Sunday lunch in Ghanaian households and with the soups that accompany it, principally nkatenkwan, the peanut soup, and abenkwan, the palm nut soup. It is eaten by pinching off a piece of the ball and using it to scoop, and it is not eaten with cutlery. The same preparation exists in northern Nigeria and Niger as tuwo shinkafa, where it belongs to the Hausa tuwo family of grain swallows and is eaten with an entirely different set of soups: miyan kuka, miyan taushe, miyan wake. The technique is effectively identical and the two are best understood as one method with two national traditions around it. What separates them is what goes beside them on the plate, and in Ghana that means groundnut and palm nut soup rather than baobab leaf and pumpkin.

Ghana45 minBlessing

Nigerian fried rice with diced carrot, green beans, bell pepper and liver

Easy Nigerian Fried Rice

Nigerian fried rice is party food, and it sits beside jollof rice on the table at every celebration where both appear. Where jollof is red and built on a cooked tomato and pepper base, fried rice is pale gold, coloured by curry powder rather than tomato, and studded with diced vegetables and liver. It is a Nigerian dish rather than a Chinese one, despite the shared name and the soy and oyster sauces that have entered the modern version. The rice is parboiled in seasoned meat stock so it takes flavour before it is ever fried, which is the opposite order to Chinese fried rice, and the vegetables go in raw at the end so they keep their bite and colour. Fried rice spice, sold as its own blend in Nigerian markets, is the thing to look for; curry powder is a different profile and contributors are firm on the point. Liver is the traditional protein and the part most often left out abroad. Fried until firm and diced small, it gives a mineral depth that nothing else in the dish supplies. Shrimp, chicken and beef all appear alongside or instead. It is served with fried plantain, moi moi, coleslaw and chicken, and at a Nigerian party it is served with jollof rather than instead of it.

Nigeria50 minAmako Blessing

Biryani

Biryani is a layered rice dish of Persian and South Asian origin that has been part of South African cooking for well over a century, and the South African versions are now traditions in their own right. The name traces to Persian, birinj biriyan, fried rice, and the dish as it is recognised today developed among Muslim communities in the Indian subcontinent. It reached South Africa with indentured labourers brought to Natal from India from the 1860s, and separately through the Cape Malay community, whose roots lie in the people brought from the Indonesian archipelago and South Asia under Dutch colonial rule. What emerged is distinct. Durban biryani, the best known, is typically cooked with lentils and potatoes layered through the rice, and it is spiced with the chilli-forward masalas that also produced bunny chow. Cape Malay versions run sweeter, using cinnamon, cardamom and sometimes raisins, reflecting a different spice tradition entirely. The method is what makes it biryani rather than a spiced rice. Meat and rice are partly cooked separately, then layered and finished together under a sealed lid so the steam carries the spice up through the grains, dum, in the South Asian term. It is celebration food in South Africa as much as in South Asia: Eid, weddings, and large family gatherings.

South AfricaNympha

Caribbean Rice

Caribbean rice is a one-pot rice dish with meat, vegetables and fried ripe plantain, coloured and sweetened with browning. It is Caribbean rather than African, and the source is clear that it is neither jollof nor fried rice but something else again. The African connection is real and historical. Caribbean cooking is a mixture of African, Creole, Amerindian, European, Latin American, South Asian, Middle Eastern and Chinese influences, layered over centuries by the people who arrived there, many of them forcibly. Rice cooked in one pot with meat and seasoning is a technique that came across the Atlantic with enslaved West Africans, and it is the same lineage that produced jollof. Browning is the ingredient that marks it out. It is a dark caramelised sugar syrup used across the Caribbean for colour and a faint bitterness, and it is what gives the rice its deep brown appearance. The Spanish contribution during and after 1493 brought coconut, chickpeas, coriander, aubergine, onion and garlic into the region's cooking, and most Caribbean rice dishes carry some of that. This entry sits in the Worldwide Recipes collection with its URL unchanged.

2 hr 5 minNympha

Jollof Rice

Jollof rice is the best-known dish in West Africa and the one most argued over. Rice is cooked in a base of blended tomato, red pepper, onion and chilli until it takes the colour and flavour all the way through, not rice with sauce on it, but rice that has become the sauce. Its origins are traced to the Senegambian region and the Wolof, or Jolof, Empire, which from the fourteenth century covered parts of present-day Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania, and where rice was grown. The ancestor dish is thiéboudienne, the Senegalese one-pot of rice, fish and vegetables. The name jollof carries the empire's own name with it. From there it spread and diverged. Nigerian jollof leans on long-grain rice and a heavily reduced pepper base, often with a deliberate smokiness from the bottom of the pot. Ghanaian jollof commonly uses aromatic rice and a different spice balance. Senegalese thieboudienne remains its own dish. Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cameroon, Togo and the Gambia all have versions. The rivalry between the Nigerian and Ghanaian claims is genuine, loud and largely affectionate, and it has done more to carry the dish internationally than any amount of promotion. Whatever the version, it is not a side dish. Jollof is the centre of the table.

Nigeria1 hrBeatrice

Liver Fried Rice

Liver fried rice is fried rice built around beef liver, and it belongs to the West African fried rice tradition rather than the Chinese one. Liver is a common and inexpensive protein across the region, and using it here gives a mineral depth that chicken or shrimp do not. The rice is where the technique sits. It is cooked in seasoned chicken stock rather than water, so it carries flavour before it is ever fried, then cooled completely, spread on a tray and refrigerated, or briefly frozen, before it goes into the pan. Cold rice is the single most important thing in any fried rice: fresh, warm rice releases steam and starch and turns to a sticky mass, while cold grains separate and fry. Liver is unforgiving in the other direction. Cooked correctly it is tender and almost creamy; cooked a minute too long it goes tough and dry, and there is no recovering it. It is cooked briefly in liquid and then fried, and it goes into the wok before the vegetables so it is not sitting over heat while everything else cooks. The dish is served with fried chicken, which is how the source presents it and which makes it a substantial meal rather than a side.

Togo1 hr 40 minCuisine228

Nigerian Native Jollof Rice

Native jollof is a distinct dish from the jollof most people know, and the difference is palm oil. Where party jollof is built on a reduced tomato and pepper base and comes out orange-red, native jollof is built on palm oil with locust beans, dried fish, crayfish and cow skin, and comes out darker, heavier and far more savoury. It belongs to southeastern Nigeria and has its own names there. Among the Efik it is iwuk edesi, sometimes simply called palm oil rice. Igbo households make closely related versions. It is not a variation on party jollof so much as a separate tradition that happens to share the word. The ingredients that define it are the ones that define southeastern cooking generally: iru or locust beans for their fermented depth, ground crayfish, dried and smoked fish, and ponmo, the cow skin cooked until soft. Scent leaf, the Nigerian basil, goes in at the very end. There is no tomato at all in this version, which is what separates it most sharply from what people expect when they hear jollof, and it is served with grilled local chicken rather than the fried chicken that accompanies the party version.

Nigeria1 hr 10 minChopsity.

Couscous Royale

Couscous royale is a plate of fluffy couscous piled with grilled meats and a saffron-scented chickpea and vegetable stew, and it is celebration food. Meatball skewers, lamb chops, chicken skewers and merguez sausage all appear on the same plate, which is what the royale in the name is describing. Couscous itself is Amazigh in origin. It is a staple across Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco and Libya, and it is Tunisia's official national dish. The food historian Charles Perry places its origin among the Berbers of Algeria and Morocco somewhere between the end of the 11th-century Zirid dynasty and the rise of the 13th-century Almohad Caliphate. The precise origin is not known, and since couscous is made from ground wheat it is unlikely to predate about 6000 BC. The word names both the semolina grain and the dish built around it. Traditionally the grain is steamed in a couscoussier, a two-tier pot with a steamer sitting above the broth, and it is removed, rolled between the hands to separate the grains, and returned to the steamer four or five times. Pre-steamed couscous has made that unnecessary for everyday cooking. Couscous royale is not everyday cooking: it takes roughly two hours of preparation before the chickpeas are even accounted for.

Tunisia5 hrNympha

East African Pilau

Pilau is the spiced rice of the East African coast: rice cooked with cumin, cardamom, cloves, cinnamon and turmeric until every grain carries the spice. It is celebration food across Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Zanzibar, made for weddings, for Eid, and whenever a guest of consequence arrives. It reached the Swahili coast through centuries of Indian Ocean trade, and the family it belongs to runs from Persian polow through Central Asian plov to South Asian pulao. The East African version is milder than the Indian one and does not use curry, which is the distinction the source draws and it is a fair one. The defining spice mix has its own name, pilau masala, and there is a recipe for it on this site. An important note about this page. Its written description is of a full pilau: caramelised beef, potatoes, tomatoes and pilau masala simmered in meat stock. The recipe card attached to it is something else entirely, a plain spiced rice with no meat, no potatoes and no stock. The recipe below follows the card, since that is the actual recipe on the page, and the result is a good vegetarian side dish. It is not, however, the celebratory beef pilau the description promises. Browning the onions properly is the step that matters most in either version.

50 minBlessing

Cabidela, Portuguese chicken and rice finished with blood and vinegar

Cabidela (Chicken and Rice with Blood)

Arroz de cabidela is a Portuguese dish of chicken and rice finished with blood and vinegar, which turns the rice a deep reddish brown. It comes from the Minho region in the north of Portugal and has been recorded in writing there since the sixteenth century. The blood is the dish, and there is no way to make cabidela without it. Traditionally the bird's own blood is collected at slaughter and mixed immediately with vinegar, which stops it clotting; it goes into the pot at the very end, off the heat, because boiling it would make it grainy. This is a nose-to-tail practice found across many older food cultures, and Portugal is one of the places where it survives in a named, everyday dish rather than as a curiosity. Two notes about this version. It uses pig's blood rather than chicken blood, which is a common substitution outside a farm setting and is what is generally available. And the source names a specific brand of hot sauce, which has been described generically here. The dish is not African. It is filed under Worldwide Recipes with its URL unchanged. Portugal's colonial reach did carry cabidela to Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde and Goa, where local versions exist, but the source describes the Portuguese original.

1 hrNympha

Cape Malay Yellow Rice

Rice cooked with turmeric, cinnamon, raisins and sugar into a sweet golden side dish. It is South African, from the Cape Malay tradition, and it is served alongside savoury curries and meat. Sweet rice as a savoury accompaniment is the thing to understand. Cape Malay yellow rice contains sugar, raisins and cinnamon, and it goes with curry, bobotie and roast meat, the sweetness is deliberately set against savoury and spiced food rather than served as a dessert. That contrast runs right through Cape Malay cooking and it is the same instinct behind bobotie's fruit chutney and the apricot jam in pickled fish. The community it comes from was formed by people brought to the Cape from Southeast Asia as slaves and political exiles by the Dutch from the seventeenth century onwards, and the dish is one of many that carries that history directly. Related yellow rices exist across the world, nasi kuning in Indonesia, kaha buth in Sri Lanka, and the family resemblance is not coincidental. Turmeric is what colours it. Saffron is used in more expensive versions and annatto elsewhere. **A significant problem with this page.** Its ingredient list merges two separate recipes, a yellow rice and a marinated roast chicken, into one list, and its method covers both. Only the rice belongs here.

South Africa50 minAnthonyJ

Oven Baked Jollof Rice

Oven-baked jollof takes the standard West African one-pot and moves it into the oven, where the heat surrounds the dish rather than coming from below. The reason to bother is practical. Stovetop jollof burns from the base, and getting it right means managing heat carefully, too high and the bottom catches badly, too low and the rice steams unevenly. In an oven the heat is even, the rice cooks through without attention, and the pot cannot scorch in the same way. For anyone who has ruined jollof on a hob, that is a real argument. What you trade away is the smoky note. That flavour comes precisely from the bottom of the pot catching slightly, and an oven does not give it. Cooks who want both build the base on the hob and finish in the oven. Everything else is unchanged: the same reduced tomato, red pepper, onion and chilli base, the same long-grain parboiled rice, the same rule about not stirring once it is covered. It scales well, which makes it useful for cooking for numbers.

NigeriaCuisine228

Rice and Offal Balls

Cooked rice bound with minced liver, onion and egg, rolled into balls, crumbed and deep-fried. The contributor learned it from their grandmother in Ivory Coast. The dish belongs to a very widely distributed family, the fried rice croquette. Italian arancini, Middle Eastern kibbeh, Nigerian rice balls and this all work on the same principle: a starch cooked, cooled, bound with something rich and shaped, then fried so the outside crisps around a soft interior. The cooling is not optional in any of them. Warm rice does not hold its shape and the balls collapse in the oil. Offal is the other thing worth taking seriously. Liver and other variety meats are used across West African cooking as good ingredients rather than as economies, kilishi, dambu, gizdodo and asun all belong to the same attitude. Liver in particular is soft enough to bind rice without any additional fat, which is exactly why it works here. Two practical notes. The double coating, breadcrumbs then egg wash, is the reverse of the usual order, and the source may have it backwards; the conventional sequence is flour, egg, then crumbs. The source's nutritional inventory has not been carried across.

Ivory Coast1 hr 15 minFoodChef

Recettes

Easy Nigerian Fried Rice

Biryani

Liberian Jollof Rice

No Corn Starch Rice Cakes (Ablo)

Jollof Rice

Caribbean Rice

Nigerian Native Jollof Rice

Liver Fried Rice

Waakye

Ghana Jollof Rice

Plats emblématiques

Recettes les plus populaires

Liberian Jollof Rice

No Corn Starch Rice Cakes (Ablo)

Ghana Jollof Rice

Waakye

Dominican Spaghetti

Rice Balls (Omo Tuo)

Easy Nigerian Fried Rice

Biryani

Caribbean Rice

Jollof Rice

Liver Fried Rice

Nigerian Native Jollof Rice

Couscous Royale

East African Pilau

Cabidela (Chicken and Rice with Blood)

Cape Malay Yellow Rice

Oven Baked Jollof Rice

Rice and Offal Balls

Recettes

Recettes à la une

Easy Nigerian Fried Rice

Jollof Rice

Caribbean Rice

Nigerian Native Jollof Rice

Liver Fried Rice

Waakye

Ghana Jollof Rice

Plats emblématiques

Recettes les plus populaires

Liberian Jollof Rice

No Corn Starch Rice Cakes (Ablo)

Ghana Jollof Rice

Waakye

Dominican Spaghetti

Rice Balls (Omo Tuo)

Easy Nigerian Fried Rice

Biryani

Caribbean Rice

Jollof Rice

Liver Fried Rice

Nigerian Native Jollof Rice

Couscous Royale

East African Pilau

Cabidela (Chicken and Rice with Blood)

Cape Malay Yellow Rice

Oven Baked Jollof Rice

Rice and Offal Balls