Recettes Libya

Haraimi (Libyan Spicy Fish Stew)

Haraimi is fish cooked in a fiercely spiced tomato sauce, and it is among the dishes most identified with Libya. It is quick, it is hot, and it is eaten with bread to mop the sauce, which is generally reckoned to be the best part. Its origins lie with the Libyan Jewish community. Libya had a Jewish population of several thousand within living memory, and haraimi was their dish before it became a staple in every Libyan household. Very few Jews remain in Libya today, and the dish has outlasted the community that created it, which is worth recording rather than passing over. Italian colonial rule is the other influence the source points to. Caraway is the spice that makes it. Added near the end so its aroma survives, it gives haraimi a warm, slightly aniseed note that distinguishes it from the many other Mediterranean fish-in-tomato dishes. Lemon juice goes in at the very end for the same reason. Tuna is used here, and any chunky firm fish works, since the flesh has to hold together in the sauce. It is served warm or at room temperature as an appetizer, or as a main with couscous or rice.

★★★★★Les mieux notées

35 minEasyLibya

Recette de Blessing · Africook

Ka'ak (Libyan Ring Bread)

Ka'ak is a ring-shaped bread, crisp outside and soft within, scattered with sesame seeds. It is Libyan in this version, and made across a wide stretch of the Arabic-speaking world, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine and Syria all have their own. The shape is what defines it. Ka'ak is formed into a large ring, bigger and thinner than a bagel, which is why street vendors across the region can carry stacks of them on a pole or a cart. In Libya it is eaten at breakfast alongside hummus and falafel, and it comes in savoury and sweet versions. The name travels further than the shape does. Ka'ak, sometimes kahk or kahqa, covers a whole family of baked goods across the Arabic-speaking world, from this ring bread to the small filled Egyptian cookies eaten at Eid, which are a completely different thing. The word means something closer to "baked good" than to any specific item. One technique in this recipe is worth borrowing for other breads. A tray of water is placed in the bottom of the oven while it heats, so the loaves bake in a steamy environment. Steam keeps the crust soft for the first minutes, letting the bread rise fully before the surface sets, and then produces a thin, crisp finish.

2 hr 45 minMediumLibya

Recette de Blessing · Africook

Libyan Couscous

Couscous is the national dish of Libya, as it is of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia and Mauritania, and the Libyan version has its own clear identity within that shared Maghreb tradition. The first thing worth clearing up is what couscous actually is. It is not a grain. It is semolina, granules of durum wheat rolled and coated with finer flour, which makes it closer to a very small pasta than to rice or barley. That matters for cooking it, because it is steamed rather than boiled. The Libyan preparation is built on meat, lamb or chicken, cooked with onion and a spiced tomato sauce, alongside vegetables that reliably include pumpkin and chickpeas. Pumpkin is a good marker: it appears in Libyan couscous far more consistently than in the Moroccan or Tunisian versions, and its sweetness against the chilli is much of the dish's character. The sauce runs spicier than Moroccan couscous, closer to the Tunisian end of the scale. The steaming is the technique the dish is really about. Couscous is steamed in stages over the simmering stew below, so it takes the aroma up through it while staying separate and light rather than turning to paste. In Libya it is described as folk heritage passed down through generations, and it is the dish for Friday lunches, weddings and gatherings.

★★★★★Les mieux notées

MediumLibya

Recette de Blessing · Africook

Asida (Flour Pudding)

Asida is a cooked flour pudding from the Maghreb, eaten with honey or date syrup and melted butter. Its first recorded appearance is in the Arabic cookbook Kitab al-Tabikh, around the tenth century, which makes it one of the older dishes in this collection with a documented date. It is communal food. Like bazeen, asida is served on a large flat plate called a gas'a and eaten with the fingers, though spoons are used. The distinction the source draws between the two is worth keeping: bazeen has Amazigh origins and is purely North African, while asida has an Arabic name and versions of it are made across the Arabian Peninsula as well. In Libya it is a breakfast dish, eaten to carry someone through a working day, and it appears at celebrations: births, Eid, Mawlid. The plain version is simply flour cooked in water, turned out, and served with a hollow pressed into the top for honey or date syrup, with melted butter or ghee poured around it. This particular recipe is a considerably richer version built on a date paste with cardamom, cinnamon, fenugreek, saffron, rose water and walnuts, which is a celebration preparation rather than the everyday one.

35 minMediumLibya

Recette de Blessing · Africook